初二英语Unit 2词形转换实用清单:背熟这17组,考试少丢分
【来源:易教网 更新时间:2025-10-28】
英语单词不是靠死记硬背的,而是靠理解词根、词缀和用法。初二英语下册Unit 2的词形转换题,每年期中期末必考,占分稳定,错误率高。不是因为你记不住,而是你没掌握规律。下面这17组词形转换,直接按考试频率排序,背会就能拿分。
1. cleanup → clean-up
动词cleanup是“打扫”的动作,名词clean-up是“清扫活动”。考试常考填空:“We organized a school __ after the picnic.” 答案是clean-up。记住:带连字符的是名词,指具体事件。
2. cheer → cheerful
cheer是动词,欢呼;cheerful是形容词,形容人“开心的”。注意别写成cheerly,这是错误形式。“She gave a __ smile”选cheerful,不是cheer。
3. lonely → loneliness
lonely是形容词,描述人的状态:“He felt lonely after moving.” loneliness是抽象名词,指“孤独感”:“The loneliness of city life surprised her.” 两者不能互换。
4. feeling → feel
这是反向转换,常被忽略。feeling是名词,指“感觉”;feel是动词。题目可能这样出:“His __ of sadness was clear.” 填feeling;“I __ tired.” 填feel。别混淆词性。
5. satisfaction → satisfy → satisfied → satisfying
这是高频组合。satisfaction是名词,“满足感”;satisfy是动词,“使满意”;satisfied是人感到满意;satisfying是事物令人满意。
例句:
- The teacher’s feedback gave him great __.(satisfaction)
- This job __s me.(satisfies)
- He was __ with his results.(satisfied)
- The movie was __.(satisfying)
记住:-ed结尾形容人,-ing结尾形容物。
6. owner → own
owner是“主人”;own作动词是“拥有”,作形容词是“自己的”。
- The __ of the car is my father.(owner)
- I __ a dog.(own)
- This is my __ book.(own)
“own”作形容词时必须加物主代词,如my own, your own。
7. disabled → disable
disabled是形容词,指人“残疾的”;disable是动词,使丧失能力。
- He is __.(disabled)
- The accident __d him for life.(disabled)
注意:disable是及物动词,后面必须有宾语。
8. difference → different
difference是名词,“差异”;different是形容词,“不同的”。
- There is a big __ between them.(difference)
- They are __ people.(different)
别写成diffrent,拼写错误是常见扣分点。
9. imagine → imaginative → imagination
imagine是动词;imagination是名词,“想象力”;imaginative是形容词,形容人或作品有创意。
- Children have rich __.(imagination)
- She’s an __ writer.(imaginative)
考试常考:“His answer showed great __.” 填imagination。
10. difficulty → difficult
difficulty是名词,“困难”;difficult是形容词,“难的”。
- The exam was full of __.(difficulties)
- This problem is __.(difficult)
注意:difficulty是可数名词,复数形式是difficulties。
11. open → opening
open作动词是“打开”,作形容词是“开放的”;opening是名词,“开幕”或“开口”。
- Please __ the window.(open)
- The door is __.(open)
- The __ of the concert was at 7 p.m.(opening)
别把opening写成openning。
12. train → training → trained → trainer → trainee
这组词是考试“大礼包”。
- She is in __ for nurses.(training)
- He is a __ athlete.(trained)
- My __ taught me how to swim.(trainer)
- The new __ will start next week.(trainee)
记住:-ee是“接受者”,-er是“给予者”。
13. excited → exciting → excite → excitement
和第5组一样,-ed和-ing区分人和物。
- I was __ by the movie.(excited)
- The movie was __.(exciting)
- The news __d everyone.(excited)
- The __ of the party lasted all night.(excitement)
14. kindness → kind → kindly
kindness是名词,“善意”;kind是形容词,“善良的”;kindly是副词,“友好地”。
- Her __ helped me through the winter.(kindness)
- He is a __ man.(kind)
- She smiled __ at me.(kindly)
副词用法常考,别写成kind。
15. understand → understanding → understandable → understandably
understand是动词;understanding是名词或形容词,指“理解力”或“通情达理的”;understandable是“可以理解的”;understandably是“合情合理地”。
- Your __ of the problem is impressive.(understanding)
- It’s __ that you’re tired.(understandable)
- He was late, __, because of the traffic.(understandably)
注意:understanding作形容词时,常用于“an understanding person”。
16. change → changeable → changeless
change是动词或名词;changeable是“易变的”;changeless是“不变的”。
- The weather is __ in spring.(changeable)
- The mountain’s shape is __ for centuries.(changeless)
这两个词在阅读理解中常出现,别只背词形,要懂语境。
17. interest → interest → interesting → interested
这组最易错。interest作动词时,意思是“使感兴趣”;作名词是“兴趣”。
- This book __ me.(interests)
- My __ is reading.(interest)
- The book is __.(interesting)
- I am __ in reading.(interested)
记住:人用interested,物用interesting。
这些词形转换,不是让你背单词表,而是让你在句子中看词性、看搭配、看逻辑。考试出题人不会直接问“clean-up的动词是什么”,而是给你一个句子,让你填正确形式。你背的是形式,但用的是语境。
每天挑5组,写3个句子。不用多,坚持一周,这17组就能自动化反应。别等考试前突击,那时你只会越记越乱。
词形转换题,考的不是记忆力,是语言逻辑。你懂了结构,就不用猜答案。
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