µ±Ç°Î»Ö㺼ҽÌÍøÊ×Ò³ > ¼ÒÍ¥½ÌÓý > ÁôѧÉú¼ȡÂÊ×î¸ßµÄ15ËùÃÀ¹úÃûУ
ÁôѧÉú¼ȡÂÊ×î¸ßµÄ15ËùÃÀ¹úÃûУ
¡¾À´Ô´£ºÒ×½ÌÍø ¸üÐÂʱ¼ä£º2010-12-21¡¿¡¡¡¡Ä¿Ç°½øÈëÃÀ¹ú¸÷¸ßµÈ½ÌÓý»ú¹¹¾Í¶ÁµÄÍâ¹úѧÉúԼΪ60ÍòÈË£¬¹ã·º·Ö²¼ÔÚÈ«ÃÀ¸÷µØ¡£ÆäÖÐÕÐÊÕÍâ¹úѧÉú³¬¹ýһǧÈ˵Ĵóѧ¹²ÓÐ156Ëù¡£Ä³Ð©´óѧÕÐÊÕµÄÍâ¹úѧÉúռѧÉú×ÜÊýµÄ20%ÒÔÉÏ£¬ÀýÈçÄϼÓÖÝ´óѧ(university of southern california) (21.3%)¡¢¸çÂ×±ÈÑÇ´óѧ(columbia university) (24.3% )¡¢¹þ·ð´óѧ(harvard university) (22.5%) ºÍ˹̹¸£´óѧ(stanford university) (23.9% )¡£¼ÓÀû¸£ÄáÑÇÖݵÄÍâ¹úѧÉú×î¶à(77,987ÈË)£¬Æä´ÎÊÇŦԼÖÝ(65,884ÈË)¡£
¡¡¡¡ÄϼÓÖÝ´óѧ
¡¡¡¡ÄϼÓÖÝ´óѧ×ÜУ×ùÂäÔÚÂåɼí¶(los angeles)ÊÐÇø£¬ÊÇÈ«ÊÀ½çÖøÃûµÄ˽Á¢Ñо¿ÐÔ´óѧ֮һ£¬Íâ¹úѧÉúÈËÊý¾ÓÃÀ¹ú¸÷´óѧ֮¹Ú(7,115ÈË)£¬Õ¼È«Ð£Ñ§Éú×ÜÊýµÄ21.3 %¡£ÄϼÓÖÝ´óѧʢÐÐÌåÓý»î¶¯£¬2008Äê1ÔÂÓ®µÃõ¹å±(rosebowl)ÃÀʽ×ãÇòÈü¹Ú¾ü£¬Í¼ÎªºóÎÀÇòÔ±²ýÎ÷¡¤»ªÊ¢¶Ù(chauncey washington)³ÖÇò´¥µØµÃ·Ö¡£
¡¡¡¡¸çÂ×±ÈÑÇ´óѧ
¡¡¡¡¸çÂ×±ÈÑÇ´óѧÊôÃûÎÅϾ¶ûµÄ³£´ºÌÙÃËУ(ivy league)£¬ÓÚ1754ÄêÔÚŦԼÊÐ(new yorkcity)´´Á¢£¬ÊÇÃÀ¹úµÚ5Ëù×î¹ÅÀϵĸߵȽÌÓýѧ¸®¡£Íâ¹úѧÉúÕ¼¸ÃУѧÉú×ÜÊýµÄËÄ·ÖÖ®Ò»£¬ÆäÖÐÅ®ÉúÕ¼40%ÒÔÉÏ£»12%µÄÍâ¹úѧÉúÒѻ飬²¢ÓÐÅäż°é¶Á£»28%µÄѧÉú´Ó¸ÃУ»ñµÃ²¿·Ý»òÈ«²¿½±Ñ§½ð»òÑо¿Öúѧ½ð¡£Í¼Îª¸çÂ×±ÈÑÇ´óѧÂåÊϼÍÄîͼÊé¹Ý(low memorial library)Ç°µÄ¹ã³¡¡£
¡¡¡¡Å¦Ô¼´óѧ
¡¡¡¡Å¦Ô¼´óѧÓÐ40,000¶àÃûѧÉú£¬ÆäÖÐÔ¼6,000ÃûÍâ¹úѧÉú¡£¸ÃУ¹²ÓÐ14¸öѧԺ£¬Ñ§Éú±é²¼Âü¹þ¶Ù(manhattan)µÄ5¸öУ԰ºÍÈ«ÊÀ½ç25¸ö¹ú¼Ò¡£Å¦Ô¼´óѧÒÔλÓÚ¸ñÁÖÍþÖδå(greenwich village)µÄ»ªÊ¢¶Ù¹ã³¡Ð£Çø(washington squarecampus)ΪÖ÷У԰¡£¸ñÁÖÍþÖδåÊÇÒ»¸ö¾ßÓÐÀúÊ·ÒâÒåµÄСÇø£¬¾Û¼¯ÁËÒ»´úÓÖÒ»´úµÄ×÷¼Ò¡¢ÒôÀÖ¼Ò¡¢ÒÕÊõ¼ÒºÍ֪ʶ·Ö×Ó¡£Í¼Îª¸ÃУÔÚ»ªÊ¢¶Ù¹ã³¡¾ÙÐбÏÒµµäÀñµÄÊ¢¿ö¡£
¡¡¡¡ÒÁÀûŵÒÁ´óѧ¶ò°ÍÄÉ-ÏãéÄ·ÖУ
¡¡¡¡ÒÁÀûŵÒÁ´óѧ¶ò°ÍÄÉ-ÏãéÄ·ÖУλÓÚÒÁÀûŵÒÁÖݵÄË«×Ó×ù³ÇÊÐÏãéÄ(champaign)ºÍ¶ò°ÍÄÉ(urbana)£¬ÔÚÖ¥¼Ó¸ç(chicago)ÊÐÒÔÄÏÔ¼225¹«Àï´¦£¬ÊôÃÀ¹ú×ÜͳÑDz®Àº±¡¤ÁÖ¿Ï(abrahamlincoln)ÓÚ1862ÄêÇ©Êð¡¶ÔùµØ·¨°¸¡·(land-grantact)ºó½¨Á¢µÄÐí¶à¹«Á¢´óѧ֮һ¡£ÏãéĺͶò°ÍÄÉÊÐÔÚÒÁÀûŵÒÁÖݶ«²¿ÖÐÐĵØÇø£¬ÈË¿Ú18Íò¡£¸ÃУ±»ÆÀΪÃÀ¹ú"¶Ô²Ð¼²ÈË×îÓѺõÄ"´óѧ¡£Í¼Îª¸ÃУעÖØ¿ç¸÷ѧ¿ÆºÏ×÷µÄ±´¿ËÂü¸ß¼¶¿Æ¼¼Ñ§Ôº (beckman institute for advanced science and technology)¡£
¡¡¡¡Æնɴóѧ
¡¡¡¡ÆնɴóѧµÄÖ÷У԰ÔÚÓ¡µÚ°²ÄÉÖݵÄÎ÷Àì³ÌØ(west lafayette,indiana)£¬Ñ§Éú38,000¶àÈË£¬ÆäÖÐ5,581ÈËÊÇÍâ¹úѧÉú¡£¸ÃУµÄ¹¤³Ì¡¢¹ÜÀí¡¢»¯Ñ§¡¢Ò©ÎïºÍÉè¼Æ¿Î³ÌÔÚÈ«ÃÀÃûÁÐǰé¡£ÆնɴóѧÿÄê¾ÙÐÐÈÄÓÐÇéȤµÄ´º¼¾Áª»¶»î¶¯£¬ÀýÈçÀ¥³æѧϵÖ÷°ìµÄÀ¥³æ±(bug bowl) ÍÙÄÉä»÷±ÈÈü¡¢³èÎïÔ°ºÍÀ¥³æÖƳɵĸ÷ÖÖʳƷµÈ¡£Í¼ÎªÁ½ËêµÄÂå»ùÌØ(lockett)ºÍËýµÄ¸¸Ç×ÇÇ(joe)ÓëÖÇÀûºìëÀÇÖ©Öë½»ÉÏÁËÅóÓÑ¡£
¡¡¡¡ÃÜЪ¸ù´óѧ
¡¡¡¡Î»ÓÚ°²Äȱ¤(annarbor)µÄÃÜЪ¸ù´óѧÊÇÈ«ÊÀ½çÓÅÐ㹫Á¢Ñ§Ð£Ö®Ò»¡£¸ÃУµÄ¿Î³ÌÔÚÀú´ÎÆÀ±ÈÖÐʼÖÕÃûÁÐǰé¡£¸ù¾ÝÇ°²»¾Ã½øÐеÄÒ»ÏîÆĸºÊ¢ÃûµÄµ÷²é£¬¸ÃУµÄÉÌÒµ¹ÜÀí¿Î³Ì±»ÁÐΪȫÃÀ×î¼Ñ¿Î³Ì¡£Í¼ÎªÃÜЪ¸ù´óѧµÄÌᄊѡÊֲμÓ2007Äê"±öϦ·¨ÄáÑÇ´óѧȫÃÀ½ÓÁ¦Èü"(pennrelays)3,200Ã׵ıÈÈü£¬È¡µÃÆƼǼµÄÓÅÒì³É¼¨£¬×Ô×óÖÁÓÒÒÀ´ÎΪÄݿƶû¡¤°®µÂ»ª×Ì(nicole edwards)¡¢°²ÄÈ¡¤ÍþÀµÂ(annawillard)¡¢¿µÙ¡¤¶ò¶ûµÂÂü(katie erdman) ºÍ¸ñÀïÄÉ¡¤¸ß¶û(geena gall)¡£
¡¡¡¡µÂ¿ËÈø˹´óѧ°Â˹͡·ÖУ
¡¡¡¡µÂ¿ËÈø˹´óѧ°Â˹͡·ÖУÊÇÃÀ¹úÖ÷ÒªµÄÑо¿ÐÔ¹«Á¢´óѧ֮һ¡£¸ù¾ÝÈ«ÃÀÑо¿ÀíÊ»á(national researchcouncil)½øÐеĵ÷²é£¬¸ÃУÓÐ7ÏʿÉú¿Î³ÌÃûÁÐÈ«¹úÇ°10Ãû£¬22¸öϵÃûÁÐÈ«¹úÇ°25Ãû¡£2006Ä꣬¸ÃУ8,350ÍòÃÀÔªµÄÒÕÊõ²©Îï¹Ý½ÒÄ»£¬¹©³ÂÁб¾Ð£µÄÊÕ²ØÆ·£¬ÈçË÷Âס¤²©¸ñÀÕÄ·(solon borglum)ÓÚ1898Äê´´×÷µÄÌ×Ò°Âí(lassoing wildhorses)ÍËÜ¡¢¸¥À×µÂÀï¿Ë¡¤À×Ã÷¶Ù(frederic remington) ºÍ¸¥À¼¿Ë¡¤Ô¼º²Ñ·(frank tenneyjohnson)´´×÷µÄÓÍ»µÈÃû×÷¡£
¡¡¡¡¼ÓÖÝ´óѧÂåÉ¼í¶·ÖУ
¡¡¡¡¼ÓÖÝ´óѧÂåÉ¼í¶·ÖУλÓÚÂåɼí¶Î÷ľÇø(westwoodvillage)£¬1919Ä꽨У£¬È«ÊÀ½çÖ÷ÒªµÄÑо¿ÐÔ¹«Á¢´óѧ֮һ¡£Ð£Ô°ÄÚÓÐ174×ù´óÂ¥£¬Õ¼µØ170¹«Ç꣬ÏÖÓб¾¿ÆÉú25,432ÈË¡¢Ñо¿Éú11,179ÈË£¬ÔÚÊÀУÓÑ359,268ÈË¡£¸ÃУÊÇÀºÇò±ÈÈüµÄ³£Ê¤¾ü£¬ÔøÅàÑø³ö·Ò×˹¡¤°¢¶ûÐÁ¶à[ÓÖÃû¿¨ÀïÄ·¡¤°¢²·¶Å-¼Ö°Í¶û](lewalcindor [kareem abdul-jabbar])¡¢±È¶û¡¤ÎÖ¶Ù(bill walton) ºÍ°¢Â¡¡¤°¢¸¥ÀÂÞ (arronafflalo)µÈÖøÃûÇòÔ±¡£
¡¡¡¡¹þ·ð´óѧ
¡¡¡¡¹þ·ð´óѧÓÚ1636ÄêÔÚÂíÈøÖîÈûÖݽ£ÇÅ(cambridge,massachusetts)´´Á¢£¬ºó³ÉΪÃÀ¹úµÚÒ»Ëù¸ßµÈѧ¸®¡£¹þ·ð´óѧµÄÑо¿ÉúÈËÊý(12,424ÈË)¼¸ºõÊDZ¾¿ÆÉú(6,715ÈË)µÄÁ½±¶¡£¸ÃУʦ×ÊÁ¦Á¿ÐÛºñ£¬ÆäÖÐÓÐ43λŵ±´¶û½±µÃÖ÷¡£¹þ·ð´óѧµÄҽѧԺ¡¢·¨Ñ§Ôº¡¢ºÍÕþ¸®¹ÜÀíѧԺ¶¼¾ßÓкܸߵÄÉùÍû¡£Í¼Îª¸ÃУѧÉúÏ·¾çÍžÙÐÐÒ»ÄêÒ»¶ÈµÄ´óÓÎÐе½´ï¹þ·ð´óѧ¹ã³¡£¬¹þÀ±´Èð(halle berry)Òò»ñµÃ¹þ·ð´óѧ"ËÙʳ²¼¶¡¾çÍÅ"(hastypudding theatricals)ÊÚÓèµÄ2006Äê¶È·çÔÆÅ®ÐÔ´ó½±½ÓÊÜÁ½Ãû¸ßÄ꼶ѧÉúµÄÇ×ÎÇ¡£
¡¡¡¡²¨Ê¿¶Ù´óѧ
¡¡¡¡×Ô1869Äê´´Á¢Ö®³õÖÁ½ñ£¬²¨Ê¿¶Ù´óѧÕÐÊÕѧÉú´Ó²»¿¼ÂÇѧÉúµÄÐÔ±ð¡¢ÖÖ×åºÍ×Ú½ÌÐÅÑö¡£1955Ä꣬Âí¶¡¡¤Â·µÂ¡¤½ð(martinluther king,jr¡£)»ñ²¨Ê¿¶Ù´óѧ²©Ê¿Ñ§Î»¡£ÆäËû½Ü³öµÄУÓÑÓÐÃÀ¹úµÚһλ»ñµÃ²©Ê¿Ñ§Î»µÄ¸¾Å®¡¢µÚһλ±»ÂíÈøÖîÈûÖÝÂÉʦлá½ÓÊܵĸ¾Å®¡¢µÚһλ»ñҽѧ²©Ê¿Ñ§Î»µÄÃÀ¹úÓ¡µÚ°²È˺͵ÚһλÃÀ¹ú·ÇÖÞÒáÐÄÀíѧ¼Ò¡£Í¼Îª¸Õ½Óµ½×¤ÔºÒ½Ê¦Æ¸ÊéµÄ²¨Ê¿¶Ù´óѧѧÉúÃ×ÀïÑÇÄ·¡¤Ï£·òÀÍ(miriamshiferaw)[×ó]ºÍŵ°¢¶û¡¤ÄªÂíÄá(nawal momani)¡£
¡¡¡¡±öϦ·¨ÄáÑÇ´óѧ
¡¡¡¡±öϦ·¨ÄáÑÇ´óѧÓÐ 23,980 ÃûѧÉú£¬9,653 ÃûÊÇÑо¿Éú»òרҵÅàѵÉú¡£±öϦ·¨ÄáÑÇ´óѧ¸ù¾Ý±¾½ÜÃ÷¡¤¸»À¼¿ËÁÖ(benjaminfranklin)µÄÉèÏë´´°ì£¬ÊÇÃÀ¹úµÚÒ»ËùÒÔÏÖ´úÎĿƶø²»ÊÇÉñÖ°½ÌÓýΪÖصãµÄѧ¸®¡£Í¼ÎªÈ«²¿ÓÉÄÐ×Ó×é³ÉµÄ"±öÂêÈøÀ"(pennmasala)ÎÞ°é×àºÏ³ªÍųÉÔ±°ÍÀÌØ¡¤Ä·µÂ»ù¶û(bharatmoudgil)µÈÕýÔڷѳÇ(philadelphia)ÅÅÁ·¡£ºÏ³ªÍÅÉó¤´¦ÀíºÍÉù£¬·ç¸ñÈÈÇé±¼·Å£¬ÔÚÈ«ÊÀ½çÊܵ½ÈÈÁÒ»¶Ó¡£
¡¡¡¡¶íº¥¶íÖÝÁ¢´óѧ
¡¡¡¡¶íº¥¶íÖÝÁ¢´óѧÊô¸ù¾ÝÑDz®Àº±¡¤ÁÖ¿Ï(abraham lincoln)×ÜͳÓÚ1862ÄêµÄÇ©Êð¡¶ÔùµØ·¨°¸¡·(land-grantact)½¨Á¢µÄÒ»Åú¹«Á¢´óѧ¡£¡¶ÔùµØ·¨°¸¡·´ó·ù¶È¸Ä¸ïÁËÈËÃǽÓÊÜÃÀ¹ú¸ßµÈ½ÌÓýµÄģʽ£¬Ê¹ËùÓеĸßÖбÏÒµÉú¶¼Óлú»áÉÏ´óѧ²¢Äõ½Ñ§Î»¡£Í¼Îªµ£Èλ¤Ê¿µÄ°¬ÀòÉ¡¤Ë¹ÌØÀµ¿Ë(allison striker)[×ó]ÕýÔÚ¶íº¥¶íÖݸçÂײ¼ÊÐ(columbus, ohio)µÄ¶íº¥¶íÖÝÁ¢´óѧҽÁÆÖÐÐÄÕÕ¹ËÒ»ÃûÔç²úÓ¤¶ù¡£ÉíºóÁíһλ»¤Ê¿ÍßÀ³Àö¡¤·Ñ¶û²ñ¶ûµÂ(valeriefairchild)ÓÚ23ÄêÇ°ÔøÔÚͬһ¸ö²¡·¿Õչ˵±Ê±Ôç²úµÄ·Ñ¶û²ñ¶ûµÂ¡£
¡¡¡¡Å¦Ô¼ÖÝÁ¢´óѧ©¤Ë®Å£³Ç·ÖУ
¡¡¡¡Å¦Ô¼ÖÝÁ¢´óѧ©¤Ë®Å£³Ç·ÖУ(suny - university atbuffalo)ŦԼÖÝÁ¢´óѧ¹²ÓÐ64Ëù·ÖУ£¬Ë®Å£³Ç·ÖУÊÇÆäÖÐ×î´ó¡¢Ñ§¿Æ×îÈ«ÃæµÄÒ»Ëù´óѧ£¬¹²ÓÐѧÉú28,000 ÈË£¬ÆäÖÐ4,000Íâ¹úѧÉú¡£Ë®Å£³Ç·ÖУÉèÓдÓÉúÎïÐÅÏ¢µ½¹úÍÁ°²È«µÈ¸÷ÁìÓòµÄÊÀ½ç¼¶Ñо¿ÖÐÐÄ¡£¸ÃУÒÔѧÉúÔ˶¯Ô±µÄÖÖ×å¶àÑùÐÔÎÅÃûÈ«ÃÀ£¬»¹¿ªÉèÁ˵ÚÒ»¸öÃÀʽ×ãÇòµÄ´óѧÖ÷Ð޿γ̣¬ÆäÖÐÈý¸ö×î¸ßµÄÖ°Îñ¶¼ÓɺÚÈ˵£ÈΡ£Í¼Îª×ãÇò½ÌÁ·ÌØÄÉ¡¤¼ª¶û(turnergill)ÔÚѵÁ·³¡ÉÏÏò15ºÅºóÎÀÇòԱ˹ͼ¶ûÌØ¡¤É£ÆÕÈû¶û(stewart sampsel)ÃæÊÚ»úÒË¡£
¡¡¡¡ÑÇÀûÉ£ÄÇÖÝÁ¢´óѧ
¡¡¡¡ÑÇÀûÉ£ÄÇÖÝÁ¢´óѧλÓÚÑÇÀûÉ£ÄÇÖÝ̹ÆÕ¶ûÊÐ(tempe, arizona)£¬ÊÇÃÀ¹úÔÚÒ»¸öµ¥Ò»µÄУ԰ÄÚÕÐÊÕѧÉú×î¶àµÄ´óѧ֮һ£¬¹²ÓÐѧÉú51,481ÈË£¬Ô¼ 8,000ÈËΪÀÃÀÒáѧÉú¡£Í¼Îª¸ÃУµÄ±íÑÝÒÕÊõÖÐÐĸÊÃ×¾ÓÒôÀÖÌü(grady gammage memorialauditorium )£¬ÓÐ4,000¶àÃûÍâ¹úѧÉúÔÚÕâÀïѧϰ¡£ÒôÀÖÌüÊÇÖøÃû½¨Öþʦ¸¥À¼¿Ë¡¤À³ÌØ(frank lloydwright)ÔÚ1959ÄêÊÅÊÀÇ°Éè¼ÆµÄ×îºóÒ»Åú½¨Öþ¡£
¡¡¡¡Ó¡µØ°²ÄÇ´óѧ
¡¡¡¡¸ù¾Ý¡¶ÌåÓý»±¨¡·(sports illustrated)ÔÓÖ¾µÄÆÀÑ¡£¬Ó¡µØ°²ÄÇ´óѧËùÔڵIJ¼Â¬Ã÷¶ÙÊÐ(bloomington,indiana)±»ÁÐΪÃÀ¹úÃûÁеÚ6µÄ´óѧÌåÓý³Ç£¬Ó¡µØ°²ÄÇ´óѧµÄÒµÓàÌåÓýÏîÄ¿ÊôÈ«ÃÀ¹ú×î¼ÑÖ®ÁС£Ó¡µØ°²ÄÇ´óѧ»¹¿ªÉèÁ˺ܶà³öÉ«µÄѧÊõ¿Î³Ì£¬ÏÖÓÐѧÉú39,000ÈË£¬Ô¼4,000ÃûΪÍâ¹úѧÉú¡£Í¼Îª±È¶û¡¤°¢Ä·Ë¹ÌØÀÊÌåÓý¹Ý(bill armstrongstadium)ÓÚ2007Äê¾ÙÐÐ"Á¢µÂ¶û500"(little 500)Å®×Ó×ÔÐгµ½ÓÁ¦Èü£¬¿¨ÅÁ¡¤µÂ¶ûËþ(kappadelta)Å®ÉúÁªÒê»áÓ®µÃ¹Ú¾ü£¬¸ºÔð×îºóÒ»°ôµÄÁÕÈü¡¤Âü¿Ë(lindsey mank)ÔÚ³å¹ýÖÕµãÏߺó¾ÙÆðË«ÊÖ£¬ÈƳ¡Ò»ÖܱíʾÇì×£¡£
×îÐÂÎÄÕÂ
ÈÈÃÅÎÄÕÂ
- ÇàÉÙÄê³ÁÃÔÊÖ»úÓÎÏ·µÄÕæʵ°¸Àý
- 114Ë꺢×ÓÒ»ÌìÍæÊÖ»ú
- ÈçºÎ°ïÖúº¢×Ó°ÚÍÑÊÖ»ú³ÁÃÔ
- º¢×Ó²»Ìý»°ÀÏʦ´òº¢×ÓÔõô°ì
- ÊÀ½ç¾Þ¸»ÃǶԺ¢×ÓÀí²ÆµÄ½ÌÓý¹Û
- º¢×ÓÁ·×ÖÒ»°ãÁ·µ½¼¸Ä꼶£¿
- Ï뺢×ÓÁËÔõô°ì£¿
- ¼Ò³¤±ØÐëѧ»áµÄ¹µÍ¨¼¼ÇÉ£¬Ö»ÓÐÕâÑùº¢×ӲŻáºÍÄã˵ÐÄÀï»°
- ÑøºÃÒ»¸öº¢×ӵĹؼü£¬²ØÔÚ¸úº¢×ÓÏà´¦Õâ5¸öÉú»îϸ½ÚÀï! (½¨ÒéÊÕ²Ø)
- ÈÕ³£½øÐÐÇ××Ó»¥¶¯µÄ·½·¨
×îнÌÔ±
- µË½ÌÔ± ±±¾©´óѧ ·¨Ñ§£¬¾¼Ã£¬½ðÈÚ
- ÕŽÌÔ± ɽ¶«Àí¹¤´óѧ »·¾³¹¤³Ì
- ÇؽÌÔ± ÁÉÄþ¿Æ¼¼´óѧ ²ÄÁÏ¿ÆѧÓ빤³Ì
- ºúÀÏʦ Ó׶ù½Ìʦ
- ÕŽÌÔ± ɽÎ÷ʦ·¶´óѧ µØÀíÐÅÏ¢¿Æѧ
- ë½ÌÔ± Ò°¼¦´óѧ£¨¼ÆËã»ú£© ÖÐÎÄ
- M½ÌÔ± ±±¾©½¨Öþ´óѧ ÍÁľ¹¤³Ì
- Íõ½ÌÔ± ËÄ´¨Ê¦·¶´óѧ ººÓïÑÔÎÄѧ
- ÕŽÌÔ± ½ËÕʦ·¶´óѧ ÓïÑÔѧ È˹¤ÖÇÄÜ
- ¸ßÀÏʦ ÖÐѧһ¼¶½Ìʦ